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Table 2 Coronary heart disease prevalence by beverage intake frequencies among adults, ages 45–59 y – NHANES 2003–2006

From: Intake of high fructose corn syrup sweetened soft drinks, fruit drinks and apple juice is associated with prevalent coronary heart disease, in U.S. adults, ages 45–59 y

 

95%

Coronary Heart Diseasea

Proportion

Confidence

% yes

p-value3

%

Limits

tEFFb (ndSoda, FD, AJ) (n = 1230)

  ≤ 3 times /mo

43.4%

40.3-

46.6%

3.3%

0.044

 1–4 times /wk.

31.2%

28.1-

34.4%

5.1%

 

 5 times or more /wk.

25.4%

22.8-

28.3%

7.9%

 

Non-diet soft drinks (n = 1230)

  ≤ 3 times /mo

57.8%

54.9-

60.6%

4.1%

0.037

 1–4 times /wk.

20.8%

18.5-

23.3%

3.9%

 

 5 times or more /wk.

21.4%

18.8-

24.3%

8.7%

 

Diet soda (n = 1153)

  ≤ 3 times /mo

56.3%

51.9-

60.5%

6.1%

0.406

 1–4 times /wk.

15.3%

12.4-

18.7%

3.7%

 

 5 times or more /wk.

28.4%

24.4-

32.8%

4.3%

 

Diet fruit drinks (n = 881)

  ≤ 3 times /mo

85.7%

81.9-

88.9%

5.3%

0.286

 1–4 times /wk.

07.7%

05.4-

10.9%

1.1%

 

 5 times or more /wk.

06.6%

04.7-

09.1%

5.5%

 

Orange juice (n = 1230)

  ≤ 3 times /mo

58.7%

54.2-

63.0%

5.9%

0.239

 1–4 times /wk.

26.2%

22.7-

30.0%

3.2%

 

 5 times or more /wk.

15.1%

12.7-

18.0%

5.0%

 
  1. aCoronary Heart Disease (CHD) is defined as self-reported current or history of doctor diagnosed CHD and/ or angina pectoris [36]. btEFF refers to total excess free fructose beverages intake which includes any combination of high excess free fructose beverages for the NHANES period of 2003–2006 [35, 36]. This includes average daily intake of caffeinated and caffeine free non-diet soft drinks (ndSoda); non-diet fruit drinks (FD); and naturally high excess free fructose apple juice (AJ) [35, 36]. In 2003–2006 [the NHANES study period], high fructose corn syrup was the main sweetener in US soft drinks [31]. 3) Rao Scott Ҳ2 analysis was used to test for significance of differences in coronary heart disease prevalence by beverage intake frequency. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant and is indicated by italics